Hong Kong CityU EES: Batir lithium-ion mai sassauƙa wanda aka yi wahayi daga mahaɗin ɗan adam

Binciken Bincike

Ƙara yawan buƙatun samfuran lantarki ya haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar na'urori masu sassauƙa da ƙarfi-yawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Batura lithium ion masu sassauƙa (LIBs) tare da babban ƙarfin kuzari da ingantaccen aikin lantarki ana ɗaukar mafi kyawun fasahar baturi don samfuran lantarki masu sawa. Ko da yake amfani da na'urorin lantarki-fim na bakin ciki da na'urorin lantarki masu tushen polymer suna inganta sassauƙa na LIBs, akwai matsaloli masu zuwa:

(1) Mafi yawan batura masu sassauƙa suna tara su ta hanyar “electrode-separator-positive electrode,” kuma iyakancewar nakasu da zamewarsu tsakanin tarin multilayer yana takurawa gabaɗayan aikin LIBs;

(2) Ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi masu tsanani, kamar nadawa, miƙewa, jujjuyawa, da nakasu mai rikitarwa, ba zai iya tabbatar da aikin baturi ba;

(3) Wani ɓangare na dabarun ƙira ya yi watsi da nakasar mai tara ƙarfe na yanzu.

Don haka, a lokaci guda samun ɗan kusurwar lanƙwasawa, yanayin nakasar da yawa, ƙarfin injina, da ƙarfin ƙarfin kuzari har yanzu yana fuskantar ƙalubale da yawa.

Gabatarwa

Kwanan nan, Farfesa Chunyi Zhi da Dr. Cuiping Han na Jami'ar City ta Hong Kong sun buga takarda mai taken "Haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwar ɗan adam don samar da baturi mai lankwasa/naɗewa/ mai shimfiɗawa: cimma nakasu da yawa" akan Muhalli na Makamashi. Sci. Wannan aikin ya yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin haɗin gwiwar ɗan adam kuma ya tsara wani nau'in LIB masu sassauƙa kamar tsarin haɗin gwiwa. Dangane da wannan ƙirar sabon labari, baturin da aka shirya, mai sassauƙa zai iya cimma yawan ƙarfin kuzari kuma ana lanƙwasa ko ma naɗewa a 180°. A lokaci guda kuma, ana iya canza tsarin tsarin ta hanyoyi daban-daban na iska ta yadda LIBs masu sassauƙa suna da wadatar nakasar nakasa, ana iya amfani da su zuwa ga mafi tsanani da kuma hadaddun nakasar (iska da karkatarwa), har ma za a iya miƙewa, kuma ƙarfin nakasar su yana da ƙarfi. fiye da rahotannin baya na LIBs masu sassauƙa. Ƙayyadaddun simintin simintin gyare-gyare ya tabbatar da cewa baturin da aka ƙera a cikin wannan takarda ba zai fuskanci nakasar filastik da ba za a iya jurewa ba na mai tara ƙarfe na yanzu a ƙarƙashin nau'i mai tsanani da rikitarwa daban-daban. A lokaci guda, baturin naúrar murabba'in da aka haɗe na iya samun ƙarfin ƙarfin har zuwa 371.9 Wh/L, wanda shine 92.9% na baturi mai laushi na gargajiya. Bugu da kari, yana iya kiyaye ingantaccen aikin sake zagayowar koda bayan fiye da sau 200,000 na lankwasawa mai ƙarfi da sau 25,000 na murdiya mai ƙarfi.

Ƙarin bincike ya nuna cewa tantanin halitta na cylindrical da aka haɗu zai iya jure wa mafi tsanani nakasawa. Bayan fiye da 100,000 tsauri mai ƙarfi, jujjuyawar 20,000, da nakasar lankwasa 100,000, har yanzu yana iya cimma babban ƙarfin fiye da 88% - ƙimar riƙewa. Don haka, LIBs masu sassauƙa waɗanda aka tsara a cikin wannan takarda suna ba da ɗimbin fata don aikace-aikace masu amfani a cikin kayan lantarki masu sawa.

Babban karin bincike

1) LIBs masu sassauƙa, waɗanda aka yi wahayi ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar ɗan adam, na iya kiyaye aikin sake zagayowar kwanciyar hankali a ƙarƙashin lankwasawa, karkatarwa, shimfiɗawa, da nakasar iska;

(2) Tare da baturi mai sassauƙa na murabba'in murabba'in, zai iya cimma ƙarfin ƙarfin har zuwa 371.9 Wh/L, wanda shine 92.9% na baturi mai laushi na gargajiya;

(3) Hanyoyi daban-daban na iska na iya canza siffar tarin baturin kuma su ba baturin isasshen nakasu.

Jagorar hoto

Bincike ya nuna cewa, baya ga tabbatar da yawan kuzarin makamashi mai girma da kuma nakasu mai rikitarwa, ƙirar tsarin dole ne kuma ta guje wa nakasar filastik na mai tarawa na yanzu. Ƙididdigar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa yana nuna cewa hanya mafi kyau na mai tarawa na yanzu ya kamata ya kasance don hana mai tarawa na yanzu daga samun ƙaramin radius mai lanƙwasa yayin aikin lanƙwasa don guje wa lalacewar filastik da lalacewar da ba za ta iya jurewa ba.

Hoto na 1a yana nuna tsarin haɗin gwiwar ɗan adam, wanda mafi girma da wayo mai lankwasa zane yana taimakawa gidajen haɗin gwiwa su juya sumul. Dangane da wannan, Hoto na 1b yana nuna nau'in graphite anode/diaphragm/lithium cobaltate (LCO) anode, wanda za'a iya raunata shi cikin tsari mai kauri mai murabba'i. A mahaɗin, ya ƙunshi ɗimbin kauri biyu masu kauri da wani sashi mai sassauƙa. Mafi mahimmanci, tari mai kauri yana da shimfidar wuri mai lanƙwasa daidai da murfin kashin haɗin gwiwa, wanda ke taimakawa matsa lamba da samar da babban ƙarfin baturi mai sassauƙa. Sashin na roba yana aiki azaman jijiya, yana haɗa tari mai kauri da kuma samar da sassauci (Hoto 1c). Baya ga jujjuyawa cikin tari mai murabba'i, ana iya kera batura masu silindrical ko ƙwayoyin triangular ta hanyar canza hanyar iskar (Hoto 1d). Don sassauƙan LIBs tare da raka'o'in ajiyar makamashi mai murabba'i, sassan haɗin gwiwar za su yi birgima tare da saman siffa mai siffar baka na tarin lokacin lankwasawa (Hoto 1e), ta haka yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi mai sassauƙa. Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar encapsulation na polymer na roba, masu sassaucin ra'ayi na LIBs tare da raka'a na cylindrical na iya cimma abubuwan da za a iya shimfiɗawa da sassauƙa (Hoto 1f).

Hoto 1 (a) Tsarin haɗin haɗin haɗin gwiwa na musamman da shimfidar wuri yana da mahimmanci don cimma daidaituwa; (b) Tsarin tsari na tsarin baturi mai sassauƙa da tsarin masana'antu; (c) kashi yayi daidai da tari mai kauri, kuma ligament yayi daidai da unrolled (D) Tsarin baturi mai sassauƙa tare da sel silindrical da triangular; (e) Tsara zane na sel murabba'in; (f) Miqewa nakasar sel cylindrical.

Ƙarin amfani da binciken simintin simintin inji ya tabbatar da daidaiton tsarin baturi mai sassauƙa. Hoto 2a yana nuna damuwa da rarraba jan ƙarfe da foil na aluminum lokacin lanƙwasa cikin silinda (radian 180°). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa damuwa na tagulla da aluminum foil ya yi ƙasa sosai fiye da ƙarfin da suke samu, yana nuna cewa wannan nakasar ba zai haifar da nakasar filastik ba. Mai tara ƙarfe na yanzu zai iya guje wa lalacewar da ba za ta iya jurewa ba.

Hoto na 2b yana nuna rarrabuwar damuwa lokacin da matakin lanƙwasawa ya ƙara ƙaruwa, kuma damuwa na foil na jan karfe da foil na aluminum shima ƙasa da ƙarfin yawan amfanin su. Sabili da haka, tsarin zai iya jurewa nakasar nadawa yayin da yake riƙe da ƙarfi mai kyau. Baya ga nakasar lankwasa, tsarin zai iya cimma wani mataki na murdiya (Hoto 2c).

Don batura tare da raka'a cylindrical, saboda halayen halayen da'irar, zai iya cimma mafi tsanani da nakasawa. Saboda haka, lokacin da baturi ya ninka zuwa 180o (Figure 2d, e), an shimfiɗa shi zuwa kimanin 140% na tsawon asali (Figure 2f), kuma ya juya zuwa 90o (Figure 2g), zai iya kula da kwanciyar hankali na inji. Bugu da kari, lokacin da aka yi amfani da nakasar lankwasa + karkatarwa da jujjuyawa daban, tsarin LIBs da aka ƙera ba zai haifar da nakasar filastik da ba za ta iya jurewa ba na mai tara ƙarfe na yanzu a ƙarƙashin nakasu mai tsanani daban-daban.

Hoto 2 (ac) Sakamako na siminti mai iyaka na tantanin halitta mai murabba'i a ƙarƙashin lanƙwasa, nadawa, da karkatarwa; (di) Sakamako na ƙarshe na simintin sel a ƙarƙashin lanƙwasa, naɗewa, shimfiɗawa, murɗawa, lanƙwasa + murɗawa da jujjuyawa.

Don kimanta aikin electrochemical na baturi mai sassauƙa da aka ƙera, an yi amfani da LiCoO2 azaman kayan cathode don gwada ƙarfin fitarwa da kwanciyar hankali. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 3a, ƙarfin fitarwa na baturi tare da sel murabba'in ba a raguwa sosai bayan jirgin ya lalace don lanƙwasa, zobe, nannade, da murɗawa a girman girman 1 C, wanda ke nufin cewa nakasar injin ba zai haifar da ƙira ba. m baturi ya zama electrochemically Performance faduwa. Ko da bayan m lankwasawa (Figure 3c, d) da kuma tsauri torsion (Figure 3e, f), da kuma bayan wani adadin hawan keke, da caji da kuma fitar da dandamali da kuma dogon zagayowar yi ba a fili canje-canje, wanda ke nufin cewa ciki tsarin na ciki. batirin yana da kariya sosai.

Hoto 3 (a) Caji da gwajin fitarwa na baturin raka'a murabba'in ƙarƙashin 1C; (b) Caji da lanƙwan fitarwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban; (c, d) Ƙarƙashin lankwasawa mai ƙarfi, aikin sake zagayowar baturi da madaidaicin caji da lanƙwan fitarwa; (e, f) Ƙarƙashin ɓarna mai ƙarfi, aikin sake zagayowar baturi da madaidaicin cajin-fiɗa a ƙarƙashin kewayawa daban-daban.

Sakamakon bincike na simintin ya nuna cewa godiya ga halayen da'irar, masu sassaucin ra'ayi na LIBs tare da abubuwan silinda zasu iya jure wa matsananci da nakasassu masu rikitarwa. Sabili da haka, don nuna aikin electrochemical na LIBs masu sassauƙa na rukunin cylindrical, an gudanar da gwajin a cikin ƙimar 1 C, wanda ya nuna cewa lokacin da baturi ya sami nakasu daban-daban, kusan babu canji a cikin aikin lantarki. Nakasar ba zai haifar da canjin wutar lantarki ba (Hoto 4a, b).

Don ƙarin kimanta ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki na cylindrical baturin da ƙarfin injin, ya ƙaddamar da baturin zuwa gwajin gwaji mai sarrafa kansa mai sarrafa kansa a ƙimar 1 C. Bincike ya nuna cewa bayan ƙaddamarwa mai ƙarfi (Figure 4c, d), torsion mai ƙarfi (Figure 4e, f) , da lankwasawa mai ƙarfi + torsion (Hoto 4g, h), aikin sake zagayowar cajin baturi da madaidaicin madaurin wutar lantarki ba a shafa ba. Hoto na 4i yana nuna aikin baturi tare da naúrar ajiyar makamashi kala-kala. Ƙarfin fitarwa yana lalata daga 133.3 mAm g-1 zuwa 129.9 mAh g-1, kuma asarar iya aiki a kowane zagaye shine kawai 0.04%, yana nuna cewa nakasawa ba zai shafi kwanciyar hankali da ƙarfin fitarwa ba.

Hoto 4 (a) Cajin da gwajin sake zagayowar fitarwa na sigogi daban-daban na ƙwayoyin cylindrical a 1 C; (b) Madaidaicin caji da magudanar fitarwa na baturi a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban; (c, d) Ayyukan zagayowar da cajin baturi a ƙarƙashin matsananciyar tashin hankali Tsagewar lanƙwasa; (e, f) aikin sake zagayowar baturi a ƙarƙashin torsion mai ƙarfi da madaidaicin cajin-fitarwa a ƙarƙashin zagayowar daban-daban; (g, h) aikin sake zagayowar baturi a ƙarƙashin lanƙwasawa mai ƙarfi + torsion da madaidaicin cajin-fitarwa a ƙarƙashin kewayawa daban-daban; (I) Caji da gwajin fitarwa na batura naúrar prismatic tare da saiti daban-daban a 1 C.

Don kimanta aikace-aikacen batir ɗin da aka haɓaka a aikace, marubucin yana amfani da cikakkun batura tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan ajiyar makamashi daban-daban don kunna wasu samfuran lantarki na kasuwanci, kamar belun kunne, smartwatches, ƙaramin fanin lantarki, kayan kwalliya, da wayoyi masu wayo. Dukansu sun isa don amfanin yau da kullun, suna da cikakkiyar damar aikace-aikacen samfuran lantarki daban-daban masu sassauƙa da sawa.

Hoto na 5 yana amfani da batir ɗin da aka ƙera zuwa belun kunne, smartwatches, ƙaramin fan ɗin lantarki, kayan kwalliya, da wayoyi. Batir mai sassaucin ra'ayi yana ba da iko don (a) belun kunne, (b) smartwatches, da (c) ƙananan magoya bayan lantarki; (d) samar da wutar lantarki don kayan kwalliya; (e) ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na nakasawa, baturi mai sassauƙa yana samar da wuta ga wayoyi.

Takaitawa da hangen nesa

A taƙaice, wannan labarin ya yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin haɗin gwiwar ɗan adam. Yana ba da shawarar hanyar ƙira ta musamman don kera baturi mai sassauƙa tare da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi, nakasu da yawa, da karko. Idan aka kwatanta da LIBs masu sassauƙa na gargajiya, wannan sabon ƙira na iya guje wa gurɓacewar filastik na mai tara ƙarfe na yanzu. A lokaci guda, lanƙwan saman da aka tanada a ƙarshen biyun na rukunin ajiyar makamashi da aka tsara a cikin wannan takarda na iya sauƙaƙe damuwa na gida na abubuwan haɗin gwiwa yadda ya kamata. Bugu da ƙari, hanyoyi daban-daban na iska na iya canza siffar tari, yana ba baturi isasshe nakasu. Batir mai sassauƙan yana nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sake zagayowar da dorewar inji godiya ga ƙirar sabon labari kuma yana da fa'idodin aikace-aikace a cikin sassauƙa da samfuran lantarki daban-daban.

mahada adabi

Haɗin haɗin gwiwar ɗan adam ƙwaƙƙwarar ƙirar tsari don baturi mai lanƙwasa/naɗewa/ mai iya miƙewa/ mai karkata: samun nakasu da yawa. (Enarfin Yanki. Sci., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/D1EE00480H)