Injiniyoyin sun ƙirƙiro na'ura mai rarrabawa wanda ke daidaita gaseous electrolytes don sanya batura masu ƙarancin zafin jiki mafi aminci.

A cewar rahotannin kafofin watsa labaru na kasashen waje, injiniyoyin Nano na Jami'ar California San Diego sun ƙera na'urar raba baturi wanda zai iya zama shinge tsakanin cathode da anode don hana iskar gas da ke cikin baturi daga tururi. Sabuwar diaphragm yana hana matsa lamba na ciki na guguwa daga taruwa, ta yadda zai hana baturi daga kumburi da fashewa.

Shugaban binciken, Zheng Chen, farfesa a fannin injiniyan nanoengineering a Makarantar Injiniya ta Jacobs a Jami'ar California, San Diego, ya ce: "Ta hanyar tarko kwayoyin iskar gas, membrane na iya aiki a matsayin mai daidaitawa ga masu amfani da wutar lantarki."

Sabuwar mai raba na iya inganta aikin baturi a matsanancin zafi. Tantanin batirin da ke amfani da diaphragm zai iya aiki a rage 40 ° C, kuma ƙarfin yana iya kaiwa sama da sa'o'i milliampere 500 a kowace gram, yayin da baturin diaphragm na kasuwanci yana da kusan wutar lantarki a wannan yanayin. Masu bincike sun ce ko da an bar shi tsawon watanni biyu ba a yi amfani da shi ba, har yanzu karfin batirin yana da yawa. Wannan aikin yana nuna cewa diaphragm kuma na iya tsawaita rayuwar ajiya. Wannan binciken ya baiwa masu bincike damar cim ma burinsu gaba: don samar da batura da za su iya samar da wutar lantarki ga ababen hawa a wuraren da ke kankara, kamar jiragen sama, tauraron dan adam, da jiragen ruwa masu zurfin teku.

Wannan binciken ya dogara ne akan binciken da aka yi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na Ying Shirley Meng, farfesa na nanoengineering a Jami'ar California, San Diego. Wannan binciken yana amfani da wani nau'in lantarki na gas na musamman don haɓaka baturi wanda zai iya kula da kyakkyawan aiki a cikin yanayi ya rage 60 ° C a karon farko. Daga cikin su, iskar gas mai ruwa da tsaki, iskar gas ce da ake shayar da ita ta hanyar amfani da matsi kuma ta fi jure yanayin zafi fiye da na gargajiya.

Amma irin wannan nau'in electrolyte yana da lahani; yana da sauƙin canzawa daga ruwa zuwa gas. Chen ya ce: "Wannan matsalar ita ce babbar matsalar tsaro ga wannan electrolyte." Ana buƙatar ƙara matsa lamba don tara ƙwayoyin ruwa kuma a ajiye electrolyte a cikin yanayin ruwa don amfani da electrolyte.

Dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Chen sun hada kai da Meng da Tod Pascal, farfesa na injiniyan nanoengineering a Jami'ar California, San Diego, don magance wannan matsalar. Ta hanyar haɗa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana na'urorin kwamfuta irin su Pascal da masu bincike irin su Chen da Meng, an ƙirƙiro hanyar da za ta shayar da ruwa mai tururi ba tare da saurin matsa lamba ba. Ma'aikatan da aka ambata a sama suna da alaƙa da Kimiyyar Kimiyya da Cibiyar Injiniya (MRSEC) na Jami'ar California, San Diego.

Wannan hanyar ta samo asali ne daga wani yanayi na zahiri wanda kwayoyin iskar gas ke takushewa ba tare da bata lokaci ba lokacin da suka makale a cikin kananan wurare masu girman Nano. Wannan al'amari ana kiransa condensation capillary, wanda zai iya sa gas ya zama ruwa a ƙananan matsi. Tawagar binciken ta yi amfani da wannan al'amari don gina na'ura mai raba baturi wanda zai iya daidaita wutar lantarki a cikin batura masu ƙarancin zafin jiki, wani nau'in iskar gas mai ƙarfi da aka yi da iskar fluoromethane. Masu binciken sunyi amfani da wani abu mai ƙyalƙyali wanda ake kira tsarin ƙarfe-kwayoyin halitta (MOF) don ƙirƙirar membrane. Abu na musamman game da MOF shi ne cewa yana cike da ƙananan pores, wanda zai iya tarko kwayoyin gas na fluoromethane kuma ya tara su a ƙananan matsa lamba. Misali, fluoromethane yawanci yana raguwa a debe 30 ° C kuma yana da ƙarfin 118 psi; amma idan aka yi amfani da MOF, matsa lamba na porous a daidai wannan zafin jiki shine kawai 11 psi.

Chen ya ce: "Wannan MOF yana rage matsi da ake buƙata don aikin lantarki. Saboda haka, baturin mu na iya samar da adadi mai yawa a yanayin zafi ba tare da lalacewa ba." Masu binciken sun gwada mai raba tushen MOF a cikin baturin lithium-ion. . Batirin lithium-ion ya ƙunshi cathode na fluorocarbon da anode ƙarfe na lithium. Yana iya cika shi da gas mai suna fluoromethane electrolyte a matsa lamba na ciki na 70 psi, ƙasa da ƙasa fiye da matsi da ake buƙata don liquefying fluoromethane. Har ila yau baturin zai iya kula da 57% na yawan zafin dakinsa a debe 40°C. Sabanin haka, a yanayin zafi da matsi iri ɗaya, ƙarfin baturin diaphragm na kasuwanci ta amfani da iskar gas mai ɗauke da fluoromethane kusan sifili.

Micropores dangane da MOF SEPARATOR su ne mabuɗin saboda waɗannan micropores na iya kiyaye ƙarin electrolytes da ke gudana a cikin baturi ko da a ƙarƙashin matsa lamba. Diaphragm na kasuwanci yana da manyan pores kuma ba zai iya riƙe gaseous electrolyte molecules a ƙarƙashin rage matsa lamba. Amma microporosity ba shine dalilin da yasa diaphragm ke aiki da kyau a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi ba. Tsarin diaphragm da masu binciken suka tsara kuma yana ba da damar ramuka don samar da ci gaba daga wannan ƙarshen zuwa wancan, ta yadda za a tabbatar da cewa ions lithium na iya gudana cikin yardar kaina ta cikin diaphragm. A cikin gwajin, ionic conductivity na baturi ta yin amfani da sabon diaphragm a debe 40°C ya ninka na baturin da ke amfani da diaphragm na kasuwanci.

A halin yanzu ƙungiyar Chen tana gwada masu raba tushen MOF akan wasu electrolytes. Chen ya ce: "Mun ga irin wannan tasiri. Ta hanyar amfani da wannan MOF a matsayin stabilizer, ana iya haɗa nau'o'in kwayoyin electrolyte daban-daban don inganta lafiyar baturi, ciki har da baturan lithium na gargajiya tare da masu canzawa."